Changelog

All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file. For help with updating to new PyO3 versions, please see the migration guide.

The format is based on Keep a Changelog and this project adheres to Semantic Versioning.

0.12.4 - 2020-11-28

Fix reference count bug in implementation of From<Py<T>> for PyObject, a regression introduced in PyO3 0.12. #1297

0.12.3 - 2020-10-12

Fixed

Fix support for Rust versions 1.39 to 1.44, broken by an incorrect internal update to paste 1.0 which was done in PyO3 0.12.2. #1234

0.12.2 - 2020-10-12

Added

Add support for keyword-only arguments without default values in #[pyfunction]. #1209
Add Python::check_signals() as a safe a wrapper for PyErr_CheckSignals(). #1214

Fixed

Fix invalid document for protocol methods. #1169
Hide docs of PyO3 private implementation details in pyo3::class::methods. #1169
Fix unnecessary rebuild on PATH changes when the python interpreter is provided by PYO3_PYTHON. #1231

0.12.1 - 2020-09-16

Fixed

Fix building for a 32-bit Python on 64-bit Windows with a 64-bit Rust toolchain. #1179
Fix building on platforms where c_char is u8. #1182

0.12.0 - 2020-09-12

Added

Add FFI definitions Py_FinalizeEx, PyOS_getsig, and PyOS_setsig. #1021
Add PyString::to_str for accessing PyString as &str. #1023
Add Python::with_gil for executing a closure with the Python GIL. #1037
Add type information to failures in PyAny::downcast(). #1050
Implement Debug for PyIterator. #1051
Add PyBytes::new_with and PyByteArray::new_with for initialising bytes and bytearray objects using a closure. #1074
Add #[derive(FromPyObject)] macro for enums and structs. #1065
Add Py::as_ref and Py::into_ref for converting Py<T> to &T. #1098
Add ability to return Result types other than PyResult from #[pyfunction], #[pymethod] and #[pyproto] functions. #1106.
Implement ToPyObject, IntoPy, and FromPyObject for hashbrown's HashMap and HashSet types (requires the hashbrown feature). #1114
Add #[pyfunction(pass_module)] and #[pyfn(pass_module)] to pass the module object as the first function argument. #1143
Add PyModule::add_function and PyModule::add_submodule as typed alternatives to PyModule::add_wrapped. #1143
Add native PyCFunction and PyFunction types. #1163

Changed

Rework exception types: #1024 #1115
- Rename exception types from e.g. RuntimeError to PyRuntimeError. The old names continue to exist but are deprecated.
- Exception objects are now accessible as &T or Py<T>, just like other Python-native types.
- Rename PyException::py_err() to PyException::new_err().
- Rename PyUnicodeDecodeErr::new_err() to PyUnicodeDecodeErr::new().
- Remove PyStopIteration::stop_iteration().
Require T: Send for the return value T of Python::allow_threads. #1036
Rename PYTHON_SYS_EXECUTABLE to PYO3_PYTHON. The old name will continue to work (undocumented) but will be removed in a future release. #1039
Remove unsafe from signature of PyType::as_type_ptr. #1047
Change return type of PyIterator::from_object to PyResult<PyIterator> (was Result<PyIterator, PyDowncastError>). #1051
IntoPy is no longer implied by FromPy. #1063
Change PyObject to be a type alias for Py<PyAny>. #1063
Rework PyErr to be compatible with the std::error::Error trait: #1067 #1115
- Implement Display, Error, Send and Sync for PyErr and PyErrArguments.
- Add PyErr::instance() for accessing PyErr as &PyBaseException.
- PyErr's fields are now an implementation detail. The equivalent values can be accessed with PyErr::ptype(), PyErr::pvalue() and PyErr::ptraceback().
- Change receiver of PyErr::print() and PyErr::print_and_set_sys_last_vars() to &self (was self).
- Remove PyErrValue, PyErr::from_value, PyErr::into_normalized(), and PyErr::normalize().
- Remove PyException::into().
- Remove Into<PyResult<T>> for PyErr and PyException.
Change methods generated by #[pyproto] to return NotImplemented if Python should try a reversed operation. #1072
Change argument to PyModule::add to impl IntoPy<PyObject> (was impl ToPyObject). #1124

Removed

Remove many exception and PyErr APIs; see the "changed" section above. #1024 #1067 #1115
Remove PyString::to_string (use new PyString::to_str). #1023
Remove PyString::as_bytes. #1023
Remove Python::register_any. #1023
Remove GILGuard::acquire from the public API. Use Python::acquire_gil or Python::with_gil. #1036
Remove the FromPy trait. #1063
Remove the AsPyRef trait. #1098

Fixed

Correct FFI definitions Py_SetProgramName and Py_SetPythonHome to take *const arguments (was *mut). #1021
Fix FromPyObject for num_bigint::BigInt for Python objects with an __index__ method. #1027
Correct FFI definition _PyLong_AsByteArray to take *mut c_uchar argument (was *const c_uchar). #1029
Fix segfault with #[pyclass(dict, unsendable)]. #1058 #1059
Fix using &Self as an argument type for functions in a #[pymethods] block. #1071
Fix best-effort build against PyPy 3.6. #1092
Fix many cases of lifetime elision in #[pyproto] implementations. #1093
Fix detection of Python build configuration when cross-compiling. #1095
Always link against libpython on android with the extension-module feature. #1095
Fix the + operator not trying __radd__ when both __add__ and __radd__ are defined in PyNumberProtocol (and similar for all other reversible operators). #1107
Fix building with Anaconda python. #1175

0.11.1 - 2020-06-30

Added

#[pyclass(unsendable)]. #1009

Changed

Update parking_lot dependency to 0.11. #1010

0.11.0 - 2020-06-28

Added

Support stable versions of Rust (>=1.39). #969
Add FFI definition PyObject_AsFileDescriptor. #938
Add PyByteArray::data, PyByteArray::as_bytes, and PyByteArray::as_bytes_mut. #967
Add GILOnceCell to use in situations where lazy_static or once_cell can deadlock. #975
Add Py::borrow, Py::borrow_mut, Py::try_borrow, and Py::try_borrow_mut for accessing #[pyclass] values. #976
Add IterNextOutput and IterANextOutput for returning from __next__ / __anext__. #997

Changed

Simplify internals of #[pyo3(get)] attribute. (Remove the hidden API GetPropertyValue.) #934
Call Py_Finalize at exit to flush buffers, etc. #943
Add type parameter to PyBuffer. #951
Require Send bound for #[pyclass]. #966
Add Python argument to most methods on PyObject and Py<T> to ensure GIL safety. #970
Change signature of PyTypeObject::type_object() - now takes Python argument and returns &PyType. #970
Change return type of PyTuple::slice() and PyTuple::split_from() from Py<PyTuple> to &PyTuple. #970
Change return type of PyTuple::as_slice to &[&PyAny]. #971
Rename PyTypeInfo::type_object to type_object_raw, and add Python argument. #975
Update num-complex optional dependendency from 0.2 to 0.3. #977
Update num-bigint optional dependendency from 0.2 to 0.3. #978
#[pyproto] is re-implemented without specialization. #961
PyClassAlloc::alloc is renamed to PyClassAlloc::new. #990
#[pyproto] methods can now have return value T or PyResult<T> (previously only PyResult<T> was supported). #996
#[pyproto] methods can now skip annotating the return type if it is (). #998

Removed

Remove ManagedPyRef (unused, and needs specialization) #930

Fixed

Fix passing explicit None to Option<T> argument #[pyfunction] with a default value. #936
Fix PyClass.__new__'s not respecting subclasses when inherited by a Python class. #990
Fix returning Option<T> from #[pyproto] methods. #996
Fix accepting PyRef<Self> and PyRefMut<Self> to #[getter] and #[setter] methods. #999

0.10.1 - 2020-05-14

Fixed

Fix deadlock in Python::acquire_gil() after dropping a PyObject or Py<T>. #924

0.10.0 - 2020-05-13

Added

Add FFI definition _PyDict_NewPresized. #849
Implement IntoPy<PyObject> for HashSet and BTreeSet. #864
Add PyAny::dir method. #886
Gate macros behind a macros feature (enabled by default). #897
Add ability to define class attributes using #[classattr] on functions in #[pymethods]. #905
Implement Clone for PyObject and Py<T>. #908
Implement Deref<Target = PyAny> for all builtin types. (PyList, PyTuple, PyDict etc.) #911
Implement Deref<Target = PyAny> for PyCell<T>. #911
Add #[classattr] support for associated constants in #[pymethods]. #914

Changed

Panics will now be raised as a Python PanicException. #797
Change PyObject and Py<T> reference counts to decrement immediately upon drop when the GIL is held. #851
Allow PyIterProtocol methods to use either PyRef or PyRefMut as the receiver type. #856
Change the implementation of FromPyObject for Py<T> to apply to a wider range of T, including all T: PyClass. #880
Move all methods from the ObjectProtocol trait to the PyAny struct. #911
Remove need for #![feature(specialization)] in crates depending on PyO3. #917

Removed

Remove PyMethodsProtocol trait. #889
Remove num-traits dependency. #895
Remove ObjectProtocol trait. #911
Remove PyAny::None. Users should use Python::None instead. #911
Remove all *ProtocolImpl traits. #917

Fixed

Fix support for __radd__ and other __r*__ methods as implementations for Python mathematical operators. #839
Fix panics during garbage collection when traversing objects that were already mutably borrowed. #855
Prevent &'static references to Python objects as arguments to #[pyfunction] and #[pymethods]. #869
Fix lifetime safety bug with AsPyRef::as_ref. #876
Fix #[pyo3(get)] attribute on Py<T> fields. #880
Fix segmentation faults caused by functions such as PyList::get_item returning borrowed objects when it was not safe to do so. #890
Fix segmentation faults caused by nested Python::acquire_gil calls creating dangling references. #893
Fix segmentatation faults when a panic occurs during a call to Python::allow_threads. #912

0.9.2 - 2020-04-09

Added

FromPyObject implementations for HashSet and BTreeSet. #842

Fixed

Correctly detect 32bit architecture. #830

0.9.1 - 2020-03-23

Fixed

Error messages for #[pyclass]. #826
FromPyObject implementation for PySequence. #827

0.9.0 - 2020-03-19

Added

PyCell, which has RefCell-like features. #770
PyClass, PyLayout, PyClassInitializer. #683
Implemented IntoIterator for PySet and PyFrozenSet. #716
FromPyObject is now automatically implemented for T: Clone pyclasses. #730
#[pyo3(get)] and #[pyo3(set)] will now use the Rust doc-comment from the field for the Python property. #755
#[setter] functions may now take an argument of Pyo3::Python. #760
PyTypeInfo::BaseLayout and PyClass::BaseNativeType. #770
PyDowncastImpl. #770
Implement FromPyObject and IntoPy<PyObject> traits for arrays (up to 32). #778
migration.md and types.md in the guide. #795, #802
ffi::{_PyBytes_Resize, _PyDict_Next, _PyDict_Contains, _PyDict_GetDictPtr}. #820

Changed

#[new] does not take PyRawObject and can return Self. #683
The blanket implementations for FromPyObject for &T and &mut T are no longer specializable. Implement PyTryFrom for your type to control the behavior of FromPyObject::extract() for your types. #713
The implementation for IntoPy<U> for T where U: FromPy<T> is no longer specializable. Control the behavior of this via the implementation of FromPy. #713
Use parking_lot::Mutex instead of spin::Mutex. #734
Bumped minimum Rust version to 1.42.0-nightly 2020-01-21. #761
PyRef and PyRefMut are renewed for PyCell. #770
Some new FFI functions for Python 3.8. #784
PyAny is now on the top level module and prelude. #816

Removed

PyRawObject. #683
PyNoArgsFunction. #741
initialize_type(). To set the module name for a #[pyclass], use the module argument to the macro. #751
AsPyRef::as_mut/with/with_mut/into_py/into_mut_py. #770
PyTryFrom::try_from_mut/try_from_mut_exact/try_from_mut_unchecked. #770
Python::mut_from_owned_ptr/mut_from_borrowed_ptr. #770
ObjectProtocol::get_base/get_mut_base. #770

Fixed

Fixed unsoundness of subclassing. #683.
Clear error indicator when the exception is handled on the Rust side. #719
Usage of raw identifiers with #[pyo3(set)]. #745
Usage of PyObject with #[pyo3(get)]. #760
#[pymethods] used in conjunction with #[cfg]. #769
"*" in a #[pyfunction()] argument list incorrectly accepting any number of positional arguments (use args = "*" when this behaviour is desired). #792
PyModule::dict. #809
Fix the case where DESCRIPTION is not null-terminated. #822

[0.8.5] - 2020-01-05

Added

Implemented FromPyObject for HashMap and BTreeMap
Support for #[name = "foo"] attribute for #[pyfunction] and in #[pymethods]. #692

0.8.4 - 2019-12-14

Added

Support for #[text_signature] attribute. #675

0.8.3 - 2019-11-23

Removed

#[init] is removed. #658

Fixed

Now all &Py~ types have !Send bound. #655
Fix a compile error raised by the stabilization of ! type. #672.

0.8.2 - 2019-10-27

Added

FFI compatibility for PEP 590 Vectorcall. #641

Fixed

Fix PySequenceProtocol::set_item. #624
Fix a corner case of BigInt::FromPyObject. #630
Fix index errors in parameter conversion. #631
Fix handling of invalid utf-8 sequences in PyString::as_bytes. #639 and PyString::to_string_lossy #642.
Remove __contains__ and __iter__ from PyMappingProtocol. #644
Fix proc-macro definition of PySetAttrProtocol. #645

0.8.1 - 2019-10-08

Added

Conversion between num-bigint and Python int. #608

Fixed

Make sure the right Python interpreter is used in OSX builds. #604
Patch specialization being broken by Rust 1.40. #614
Fix a segfault around PyErr. #597

0.8.0 - 2019-09-16

Added

module argument to pyclass macro. #499
py_run! macro #512
Use existing fields and methods before calling custom getattr. #505
PyBytes can now be indexed just like Vec<u8>
Implement IntoPy<PyObject> for PyRef and PyRefMut.

Changed

Implementing the Using the gc parameter for pyclass (e.g. #[pyclass(gc)]) without implementing the class::PyGCProtocol trait is now a compile-time error. Failing to implement this trait could lead to segfaults. #532
PyByteArray::data has been replaced with PyDataArray::to_vec because returning a &[u8] is unsound. (See this comment for a great write-up for why that was unsound)
Replace mashup with paste.
GILPool gained a Python marker to prevent it from being misused to release Python objects without the GIL held.

Removed

IntoPyObject was replaced with IntoPy<PyObject>
#[pyclass(subclass)] is hidden a unsound-subclass feature because it's causing segmentation faults.

Fixed

More readable error message for generics in pyclass #503

0.7.0 - 2019-05-26

Added

PyPy support by omerbenamram in #393
Have PyModule generate an index of its members (__all__ list).
Allow slf: PyRef<T> for pyclass(#419)
Allow to use lifetime specifiers in pymethods
Add marshal module. #460

Changed

Python::run returns PyResult<()> instead of PyResult<&PyAny>.
Methods decorated with #[getter] and #[setter] can now omit wrapping the result type in PyResult if they don't raise exceptions.

Fixed

type_object::PyTypeObject has been marked unsafe because breaking the contract type_object::PyTypeObject::init_type can lead to UB.
Fixed automatic derive of PySequenceProtocol implementation in #423.
Capitalization & better wording to README.md.
Docstrings of properties is now properly set using the doc of the #[getter] method.
Fixed issues with pymethods crashing on doc comments containing double quotes.
PySet::new and PyFrozenSet::new now return PyResult<&Py[Frozen]Set>; exceptions are raised if the items are not hashable.
Fixed building using venv on Windows.
PyTuple::new now returns &PyTuple instead of Py<PyTuple>.
Fixed several issues with argument parsing; notable, the *args and **kwargs tuple/dict now doesn't contain arguments that are otherwise assigned to parameters.

0.6.0 - 2019-03-28

Regressions

Currently, #341 causes cargo test to fail with weird linking errors when the extension-module feature is activated. For now you can work around this by making the extension-module feature optional and running the tests with cargo test --no-default-features:

[dependencies.pyo3]
version = "0.6.0"

[features]
extension-module = ["pyo3/extension-module"]
default = ["extension-module"]

Added

Added a wrap_pymodule! macro similar to the existing wrap_pyfunction! macro. Only available on python 3
Added support for cross compiling (e.g. to arm v7) by mtp401 in #327. See the "Cross Compiling" section in the "Building and Distribution" chapter of the guide for more details.
The PyRef and PyRefMut types, which allow to differentiate between an instance of a rust struct on the rust heap and an instance that is embedded inside a python object. By kngwyu in #335
Added FromPy<T> and IntoPy<T> which are equivalent to From<T> and Into<T> except that they require a gil token.
Added ManagedPyRef, which should eventually replace ToBorrowedObject.

Changed

Renamed PyObjectRef to PyAny in #388
Renamed add_function to add_wrapped as it now also supports modules.
Renamed #[pymodinit] to #[pymodule]
py.init(|| value) becomes Py::new(value)
py.init_ref(|| value) becomes PyRef::new(value)
py.init_mut(|| value) becomes PyRefMut::new(value).
PyRawObject::init is now infallible, e.g. it returns () instead of PyResult<()>.
Renamed py_exception! to create_exception! and refactored the error macros.
Renamed wrap_function! to wrap_pyfunction!
Renamed #[prop(get, set)] to #[pyo3(get, set)]
#[pyfunction] now supports the same arguments as #[pyfn()]
Some macros now emit proper spanned errors instead of panics.
Migrated to the 2018 edition
crate::types::exceptions moved to crate::exceptions
Replace IntoPyTuple with IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>>.
IntoPyPointer and ToPyPointer moved into the crate root.
class::CompareOp moved into class::basic::CompareOp
PyTypeObject is now a direct subtrait PyTypeCreate, removing the old cyclical implementation in #350
Add PyList::{sort, reverse} by chr1sj0nes in #357 and #358
Renamed the typeob module to type_object

Removed

PyToken was removed due to unsoundness (See #94).
Removed the unnecessary type parameter from PyObjectAlloc
NoArgs. Just use an empty tuple
PyObjectWithGIL. PyNativeType is sufficient now that PyToken is removed.

Fixed

A soudness hole where every instances of a #[pyclass] struct was considered to be part of a python object, even though you can create instances that are not part of the python heap. This was fixed through PyRef and PyRefMut.
Fix kwargs support in #328.
Add full support for __dict__ in #403.

0.5.3 - 2019-01-04

Fixed

Fix memory leak in ArrayList by kngwyu #316

0.5.2 - 2018-11-25

Fixed

Fix undeterministic segfaults when creating many objects by kngwyu in #281

[0.5.1] - 2018-11-24

Yanked

0.5.0 - 2018-11-11

Added

#[pyclass] objects can now be returned from rust functions
PyComplex by kngwyu in #226
PyDict::from_sequence(), equivalent to dict([(key, val), ...])
Bindings for the datetime standard library types: PyDate, PyTime, PyDateTime, PyTzInfo, PyDelta with associated ffi types, by pganssle #200.
PyString, PyUnicode, and PyBytes now have an as_bytes() method that returns &[u8].
PyObjectProtocol::get_type_ptr() by ijl in #242

Changed

Removes the types from the root module and the prelude. They now live in pyo3::types instead.
All exceptions are consturcted with py_err instead of new, as they return PyErr and not Self.
as_mut and friends take and &mut self instead of &self
ObjectProtocol::call now takes an Option<&PyDict> for the kwargs instead of an IntoPyDictPointer.
IntoPyDictPointer was replace by IntoPyDict which doesn't convert PyDict itself anymore and returns a PyDict instead of *mut PyObject.
PyTuple::new now takes an IntoIterator instead of a slice
Updated to syn 0.15
Splitted PyTypeObject into PyTypeObject without the create method and PyTypeCreate with requires PyObjectAlloc<Self> + PyTypeInfo + Sized.
Ran cargo edition --fix which prefixed path with crate:: for rust 2018
Renamed async to pyasync as async will be a keyword in the 2018 edition.
Starting to use NonNull<*mut PyObject> for Py and PyObject by ijl #260

Removed

Removed most entries from the prelude. The new prelude is small and clear.
Slowly removing specialization uses
PyString, PyUnicode, and PyBytes no longer have a data() method (replaced by as_bytes()) and PyStringData has been removed.
The pyobject_extract macro

Fixed

Added an explanation that the GIL can temporarily be released even while holding a GILGuard.
Lots of clippy errors
Fix segfault on calling an unknown method on a PyObject
Work around a bug in the rust compiler by kngwyu #252
Fixed a segfault with subclassing pyo3 create classes and using __class__ by kngwyu #263

0.4.1 - 2018-08-20

Changed

PyTryFrom's error is always to PyDowncastError

Fixed

Fixed compilation on nightly since use_extern_macros was stabilized

Removed

The pyobject_downcast macro

0.4.0 - 2018-07-30

Changed

Merged both examples into one
Rustfmt all the things :heavy_check_mark:
Switched to Keep a Changelog

Removed

Conversions from tuples to PyDict due to rust-lang/rust#52050

0.3.2 - 2018-07-22

Changed

Replaced concat_idents with mashup

0.3.1 - 2018-07-18

Fixed

Fixed scoping bug in pyobject_native_type that would break rust-numpy

0.3.0 - 2018-07-18

Added

A few internal macros became part of the public api (#155, #186)
Always clone in getters. This allows using the get-annotation on all Clone-Types

Changed

Upgraded to syn 0.14 which means much better error messages :tada:
128 bit integer support by kngwyu (#137)
proc_macro has been stabilized on nightly (rust-lang/rust#52081). This means that we can remove the proc_macro feature, but now we need the use_extern_macros from the 2018 edition instead.
All proc macro are now prefixed with py and live in the prelude. This means you can use #[pyclass], #[pymethods], #[pyproto], #[pyfunction] and #[pymodinit] directly, at least after a use pyo3::prelude::*. They were also moved into a module called proc_macro. You shouldn't use #[pyo3::proc_macro::pyclass] or other longer paths in attributes because proc_macro_path_invoc isn't going to be stabilized soon.
Renamed the base option in the pyclass macro to extends.
#[pymodinit] uses the function name as module name, unless the name is overrriden with #[pymodinit(name)]
The guide is now properly versioned.